fullness-of-life

In Saint John’s Gospel, the Lord speaks of the purpose of His coming. He tells us that He has come
so that we might have life to the full (Jn 10, 10). I would like to reflect on that with you in the context of
the terrible scourge of HIV/AIDS that is affecting our community, our nation and our world, and to talk
about our call to solidarity with those suffering from HIV/AIDS.

1. It is with deep sadness and sorrow that we see how HIV/AIDS has affected families in our local
Church. Men and women of all ages and backgrounds have succumbed to this deadly scourge in the
face of incredible stigma and enormous suffering over the past 20 years. We recognize the pain and
loss of thousands of grieving families and friends. To them and to all who suffer with HIV/AIDS, we
offer our support and love.

2. HIV infection rates still remain high in our community. In 2001, the rate of AIDS cases reported in the
District of Columbia was more than ten times the national rate on a per capita basis.(1) Even in our
suburban neighborhoods AIDS cases remain numerous. In 2001, Maryland ranked second among all
states in the rate of reported AIDS cases; it ranked ninth in the nation in terms of cumulative AIDS
cases.(2) Prince George’s County has the second largest number of AIDS cases in the state.(3) I
mention these statistics only to show the depth of pain and suffering experienced in our community
and to summon and strengthen our response as neighbors and believers and friends.

3. The truth is that throughout our nation and in most developed nations, HIV/AIDS has caused, and
continues to cause, so much pain, suffering and death. Today, new drug therapies allow more and
more people with the virus to live longer, more productive lives -- a great blessing not only to those who
are infected, but also to our society as a whole. Yet, this should not give the impression that the
devastation of AIDS is over. People are continuing to infect and reinfect themselves and others with
increasingly resistant virus strains that are beginning to outpace current medicine and research. Some
people even argue that the AIDS death rate may climb again to earlier levels and even increase beyond
our past experience. Many medical experts believe that a vaccine is still 15 to 50 years away. Even then,
it will not cure the millions of people who have or will have the virus and/or disease, nor will it
necessarily stop all new transmissions.

4. But it is in some underdeveloped nations, especially in Africa and in parts of Asia, that HIV/AIDS has
reached apocalyptic proportions. Nearly 30 million people are living with HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan
Africa, including almost three million children under the age of 15. In some nations, such as Zimbabwe
and Botswana, at least one in three adults has HIV/AIDS.(4) These shocking statistics cannot convey
the true magnitude of this catastrophe. Much more than a health problem, HIV/AIDS is wreaking social,
economic and political devastation. Millions of families have lost one or both parents, leaving behind
orphaned and homeless children. Doctors and nurses have died, while schools have lost teachers
and students to the disease. Military and security forces have decreased in size and
strength, which has threatened the political stability of some nations as they teeter on the brink of civil
war. Societies are slowly crumbling into communities of orphans and elders who live with poverty and
disease.

5. While all of this may seem overwhelming, we cannot throw up our hands in despair. We have hope
and trust in the promise made by our Lord that He came so that we might have life in its fullness. This
does not simply mean earthly life, but also eternal life in communion with God, as well. Our Catholic
Church holds out this promise of the fullness of life in Jesus Christ to all people, including those
with HIV/AIDS.

6. Those among us who are living with HIV/AIDS must not feel that they are alone and abandoned. We,
who are their brothers and sisters in the Catholic Church, must walk in solidarity with them on their
journey. As our Holy Father, Pope John Paul II, has said, “Solidarity is not a feeling of vague
compassion or shallow distress at the misfortunes of so many people. On the contrary, it is a firm and
preserving determination to commit oneself to the common good; that is to say, to the good of all and
of each individual because we are really responsible for all.”(5) Echoing the Holy Father’s words, we
make this call for a culture of solidarity with people who are living with HIV/AIDS and with their families.

7. We must manifest this solidarity through love. Our Lord shows us so often and in so many ways how
to love one another. One of the finest examples of this love and solidarity is the story of the Good
Samaritan. How many countless people living with HIV/AIDS are still suffering and abandoned by
society? We must always imitate the selfgiving and sacrifice of the Divine Good Samaritan who loved
us and still continues to love us into new life.

8. This love means that we need not be drawn into futile debates about concentrating on treatment
versus prevention. We must do both. To emphasize one at the exclusion of the other is self-defeating,
like building with one hand while destroying with the other. We must be compassionate and
responsible in addressing HIV/AIDS, as the title of the U.S. Catholic Bishops’ 1989 pastoral statement,
Called to Compassion and Responsibility: A Response to the HIV/AIDS Crisis, reminds us.

9. It was out of compassion that the Catholic Church stepped forward early in the AIDS crisis with a
commitment and resources to love and serve people living with HIV/AIDS and their families. Our
commitment has not wavered, but in fact has strengthened as Catholic organizations continue to
provide direct and discreet service. In our local Church, the Archdiocese, parishes and Catholic
medical centers provide pastoral and medical outreach. Worldwide, the Catholic Church provides
approximately 25 percent of all AIDS care (6) through its ministries and many of its more than 110,000
health-care organizations.(7) That care is given with compassion, love and courage not only in our
community, but in distant and often isolated nations. For example, Catholic Relief Services currently
has programs to serve people infected and affected by HIV/AIDS in 30 countries, primarily in Africa,
but also in the hardest hit areas of Asia and Latin America.(8)

10. Yet, it is not enough only to provide care for those living with HIV/AIDS. Compassion also calls us
to address the crisis of values that so often leads to the spread of HIV/AIDS. As St. Thomas Aquinas
reminds us, “The great kindness one can render to any man consists in leading him to truth.”(9)

11. While many policies aim to prevent HIV/AIDS by advocating “safe sex” or “safer sex” through
condom use and/or condom distribution, the Catholic Church recognizes these are not solutions, but
myths. Condoms too often fail in preventing the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases such as
HIV, or the incurable Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) that increases one’s susceptibility to HIV infection,
while giving their users a false sense of security. Further, the use of condoms contradicts our faith’s
understanding of sexual union as an expression of spousal love through a mutual and total gift of self.

12. It is because our Church has a total vision of human dignity, which begets a deep love for all
people and a respect for their well being in all dimensions -- physical, psychological, moral and
spiritual -- that it rejects the false promises of condoms. Instead, we encourage people to embrace
chastity, fidelity and sexual abstinence outside of marriage, behaviors that protect the physical and
spiritual integrity, preserve their true dignity and promote true responsibility.

13. Our critics often claim that chastity and sexual abstinence programs cannot work alone or at all.
They claim that people cannot change their behavior, while at the same time they call for exactly that --
for people to use condoms consistently and correctly every time they engage in sexual activity. If society
is going to seek to modify conduct, then would it not be better and more effective to encourage
behaviors such as chastity and abstinence that eliminate the risk of disease while promoting human
dignity and a healthy life in all dimensions, rather than behaviors that do not eradicate the risk of
disease and lull people into a false sense of security?

14. The Church’s teaching on HIV/AIDS prevention is arguably a sign of contradiction in the world today.
Yet our Lord promises us “by your perseverance, you will secure your lives.” (Luke 21:19) Our moral
and social teachings are part of the Good News through which God leads us to the fullness of life.

15. Our Holy Father states that “the battle against AIDS ought to be everyone’s battle.”(10) We who
profess faith in the Risen Christ must take on this challenge of responding to one of the more horrible
and intractable human catastrophes of modern times with authentic values, true compassion and
greater responsibility.

16. St. Paul’s words to the Romans apply to our own local Church, “Do not conform yourselves to this
age but be transformed by the renewal of your mind, that you may discern what is the will of God, what
is good and pleasing and perfect.” (Romans 12:2) All of us are called not to conform to the world’s view
of sexuality and HIV/AIDS, but to be transformed by God’s truth so that we might transform the world.

17. In this Easter season, as our local Church marks a new year in the history of our salvation, let us
also mark a new beginning in our response to the challenge of HIV/AIDS. I ask our clergy, theologians,
catechists, teachers, lay leaders and lay ministers to proclaim the Church’s teaching in their respective
roles and vocations. None of us should present this teaching as a burden, but as the gift that it truly is.
All of us should be convinced and convincing in this matter. Our lives, our work and our
witness must testify to the fullness of life in Jesus Christ.

18. In our own local Church of Washington, let us commit ourselves to providing a more loving and
compassionate response to the reality of HIV/AIDS, not only by caring for those infected and affected by
the disease, but also by promoting the truth about human sexuality.

19. We need to promote the availability of early testing and intervention to stop further infection and
death. We do this from a moral and medical perspective that places a premium on values that truly
respect the life and dignity of the person. We urge people at risk to be tested, to receive their test
results and to receive counseling and assistance regardless of their diagnosis. Those who receive a
positive diagnosis should get the necessary support and solidarity to live with the virus and/or disease,
and to prevent placing others at risk of infection. Those with a negative diagnosis must be helped to
appreciate and accept new behaviors that truly protect their lives by preserving true dignity, protecting
physical and spiritual integrity and promoting true responsibility.

20. We recognize that our solidarity with our brothers and sisters throughout the world has a special
significance in this local Church, here in the home of our nation’s capital. Therefore, part of our
response is to call upon our civic leaders to continue to address this crisis at national and international
levels. The recent initiative of the United States government, in so far as it reflects our values, is a
welcome step to reach out to our brothers and sisters in Africa, where the pandemic of HIV/AIDS has
taken such a terrible toll. This important new commitment needs to be sustained over time and with
adequate resources.

21. Even beyond the context of HIV/AIDS, we affirm the right to healthcare for every person. We
recognize that many nations lack basic medicines to fight many diseases, much less the more costly
drugs to combat HIV infection and, therefore, we call upon our government and other governments to
help ensure that the appropriate medicine is accessible, affordable and available to all. We stand in
solidarity with the Holy See as it calls for pharmaceutical companies to work together to overcome the
burdens of costly research and development so these urgently needed drugs may be available at
affordable prices(11) and to urge nations to build stronger healthcare infrastructures, to provide
emergency relief assistance and to work to eliminate poverty and other factors(12) that contribute to HIV
infection. Agencies that work on HIV/AIDS care and prevention have noted these factors may include
sexual violence and exploitation of women, stigma, silence and fear about the disease, deterioration of
the family unit, war, starvation and malnutrition, international debt and unjust political, social and
economic structures.

22. Above all, we entrust these efforts to our Heavenly Father so that our service to our brothers and
sisters living with HIV/AIDS might be a witness to the life and love of Jesus Christ, His Son. We ask all
health care professionals and service providers to reflect their love for life with a true respect for the
sacred dignity and integrity of the human person in view of the Church’s teachings and we pray that
medical researchers and scientists may find, with God’s help, a cure for HIV/AIDS as soon as
possible. Finally, we beg God our Father that all our brothers and sisters living with HIV/AIDS, together
with their families and friends, may be delivered from this terrible scourge and come to find a true
peace and deep happiness in the fullness of life which Jesus promises to all of us who have put our
trust in the living God.

Theodore Cardinal McCarrick
Feast of the Divine Mercy, 2003

FOOTNOTES
_________________________________________________
1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, HIV/AIDS Surveillance Report, Year-End Edition, Volume 13 (Number 2),
table 2.
2 Ibid.
3 Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, AIDS Administration, “Maryland HIV/AIDS Epidemiological
Profile, Second Quarter – Data reported through June 30, 2002.”
4 United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS/World Health Organization, “AIDS Epidemic Update,” December 2002, p. 17.

5 John Paul II, Encyclical letter Sollicitudo rei socialis, December 30, 1987, 38: AAS 80 (1988) 564-566; English
translation in Origins 17 (1988) 654.
6 United Nations General Assembly, Special Session on HIV/AIDS, June 27, 2001, Intervention of Archbishop Javier
Lozano Barragan, President of the Pontifical Council on Pastoral Health Care.
7 Pontifical Council on Pastoral Health Care, XVII International Conference, “The Identity of Catholic Health Care
Institutions,” Rome, November 7, 2002.
8 Information provided by Catholic Relief Services, December 2002.
9 Saint Thomas Aquinas, In divinis nominibus, 4, 4.
10 John Paul II, Apostolic post-synodal exhortation Ecclesia in Africa, September 14, 1995, 116: AAS 88 (1996) 70;
English translation in Origins 25 (1995) 270.
11 World Trade Organization, Plenary Council on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, Genoa, June
20, 2001, Intervention by Archbishop Diarmuid Martin, Permanent Observer of the Holy See to the World Trade
Organization.
12 United Nations General Assembly, Special Session on HIV/AIDS, June 27, 2001, Intervention of Archbishop Javier
Lozano Barragan, President of the Pontifical Council on Pastoral Health Care.

RECOMMENDED RESOURCES
The following teaching resources are excellent, though not exhaustive, in understanding the Catholic faith with
respect to human life and human love:

Catechism of the Catholic Church, Second Edition (Washington, D.C.: USCC, 1997).
John Paul II, Encyclical letter Veritatis splendor, August 6, 1993; AAS 85 (1993) 1133-1228; English translation in
Origins 23 (1993) 297-334.
John Paul II, Encyclical Evangelium vitae, The Gospel of Life, March 25, 1995; AAS 87 (1995) 401-522; English
translation in Origins 24 (1995) 689-727.
John Paul II, Apostolic exhortation Familiaris Consortio, on the role of the Christian family in the modern world,
November 22, 1981; AAS 73 (1981) 81-191; English translation in Origins 11 (1981) 437-468.
John Paul II, Apostolic letter Salvifici doloris, on the Christian meaning of human suffering, February 11, 1984; AAS 76
(1984) 201-250; English translation in Origins 13 (1984) 609-624.
John Paul II, Apostolic letter Dolentium humanum, to establish the Pontifical Council for Pastoral Health Care, February
11, 1985; AAS 77 (1985) 457-461; English summary in Origins 14 (1985) 588.
John Paul II, Theology of the Body According to John Paul II: Human Love in the Divine Plan (Boston: Daughters of St.
Paul, 1997).
Karol Wojtyla (John Paul II), Love and Responsibility (New York: Farrar, Strauss, Giroux, 1981; repr. San Francisco:
Ignatius Press, 1994, 1996).
Paul VI, Encyclical letter Humanae vitae, on the regulation of birth, July 25, 1968; AAS 60 (1968) 481-503.
Congregation for Catholic Education, Educational Guidance in Human Love: Outlines for Sex Education, November 1,
1983; L’Osservatore Romano, February 12, 1983.
Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Letter Homosexualitas problema, on the pastoral care of
homosexual persons, October 1, 1986; AAS 79 (1987) 543-554; English translation in Origins 16 (1986) 377-382.
Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Declaration on Certain Questions Concerning Sexual Ethics,
December 29, 1975; AAS 68 (1976) 77-96; English translation in Origins 5 (1976) 485-494.
Pontifical Council for the Family, From Despair to Hope: Family and Drug Addiction (Rome: Libreria Editrice Vaticana,
1992).
Pontifical Council for the Family, The Truth and Meaning of Human Sexuality: Guidelines for Education Within the
Family, November 21, 1995; English translation in Origins 25 (1996) 529-552.
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, To Live in Christ Jesus: A Pastoral Reflection on the Moral Life,
November 11, 1976.
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Statement on School-Based Clinics, November 18, 1987.
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, New Slavery, New Freedom: A Pastoral Message on Substance Abuse,
1990.
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Human Sexuality: A Catholic Perspective for Education and Lifelong
Learning, 1991.
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, Communities of Hope: Parishes and Substance Abuse, 1991.